Using Hustle As A Cogent Business Strategy Business Essay

Using Hustle As A Cogent Business Strategy Business Essay Amar Bhides article, Hustle as Strategy (1986) describes how in industries where competitive advantage can be quickly imitated, the importance is placed on superior execution rather than superior planning. This is demonstrated throughout the article in the financial services industry. This essay firstly explores how Hustle as Strategy fits into the strategy debate, as well as considering the underlying assumptions the author makes about organisations and the environment. It provides an analysis of the article and the emergent approach to strategy. The field of strategy, particularly the prescriptive approach was formed due to the perceived need to reduce uncertainty in organisations (Downs et al 2003:81). Prescriptive strategy is discussed as long term planning, creating clear, articulated intentions and then endeavouring to implement them (Faulkner, 2002). Porter (1979) wrote that organisations should position themselves in the market by evaluating their external environment and creating competitive advantage by differentiating from competitors. However, as the business environment becomes more competitive and unpredictable, a new emergent approach to strategy formed (Figure 1). Accepting that uncertainty is here to stay, Eisenhardt and Brown (1998, p.787) suggest that strategy becomes successfully navigating at the edge of chaos and anarchy. Bhide (1986) uses the example of the financial services industry to demonstrate the need for emergent strategy over fixed plans. The article focuses on the financial industry but includes strategic comparisons with industries such as motoring. Chaffee (1985, p.202) comments that strategies must be situational and accordingly it will vary by industry. Eisenhardt and Brown (1998:787) suggest that in many industries, change is happening too fast for static strategy to be effective. Therefore, strategy formulation has become an exercise of trial, experimentation and discussion (Downs et al, 2003:5) with the emphasis on action rather than planning. Bhide (1986:61) agrees with this by suggesting that financial services companies have to earn their wings everyday because a successful strategy today may not work tomorrow (Eisenhardt and Brown, 1998:787). The author dismisses the traditional, prescriptive school of thought for this industry by explaining that due to the infungible nature of the financial products, they can be quickly imitated. It is suggested there is no steady stream of new opportunities available and so companies should focus doing their best to minimise failure. Bhide (1986:62) suggests that strategy should be like a game of poker, not chess, where financial companies focus on tactics and execution rather than erecting massive barriers to competitors (p.59). Bhide (1986:60) quotes Warren Buffett in saying that major sustainable competitive advantages are almost non-existent in the field of financial services. Financial services companies do not have a monopoly on good product ideas; therefore they need to secure customers by executing ideas better than their competitors. However, Porter (1996) disagrees by suggesting that having operational effectiveness is not enough for organisations and that these tactics result in some companies outlasting others, but provide no real advantage in the market. Bhide (1986) recognises that financial services companies need to implement a review system in order to not be irresponsible. He writes that financial companies need to review their performance and continually assess the risks. Whittington (2001:24) supports this idea by suggesting that organisations with an emergent strategy need to have enough structure to allow patterns to emerge, but not so much that it causes inflexibility and cost. It can be said that emergent strategy is not about the absence of authority, it is about finding better ways of doing things. It is the job of management to bolt together the daily actions of the organisation to provide a direction for the organisation rather than to provide a rigid plan of expectations. Hustle as Strategy is underpinned by several assumptions about the environment and organisations. These assumptions are formed based of the authors acceptance of the world as a chaotic and uncertain place. Due to the unpredictable nature of the environment the assumption is that new opportunities open up for organisations. A key assumption of the article is that organisations are able to adapt quickly to take advantage of the new opportunities. Bhide (1986:62) assumes this by writing that in order to consistently win in the market, a company must be able to quickly vary tactics to suit conditions. This is supported by Noe et al (2003, as cited in Downs et al 2003:7) who discuss how emergent strategies rely on the ability of an organisation to learn. Mintzberg (1978) suggests that a strategy emerges by developing patterns in actions over time, this could be said to be a form of organisational learning. A learning organisation is described by Johnson et al (2005) as one that has the continual capability to regenerate from the variety of knowledge, experience and individual skills within the culture. This process is said to occur from within the organisation and therefore the strategies emerge from within. It is said that the organisation should unlock the knowledge of individuals by sharing information and allowing them to become more sensitive to changes occurring around them. This assumption is also supported by Stacey (1996:188) who discusses the view of organisations as complex adaptive systems. It is suggested that organisations learn their way into an open- ended evolutionary space that can create their futures. Stacey also suggests that individuals in the organisation are agents in the system; therefore their behaviour in the system can ultimately impact the ability of the organisation to adapt. This leads to the second assumption of the article. Bhide (1986:60) assumes that their employees will quickly be able to adjust their tactics by suggesting that a financial institutions employees are a potentially versatile resource. The author writes that employees working in operations play a pivotal role in the success of other areas of the business. Therefore, the process of recruiting hustlers is an important activity. Organisations with emergent strategy are looking for employees that can revolutionise processes and therefore must encourage a culture that embraces change. This emphasis on human capital can be likened to the resource-based theory of strategy where the focus in put on the application of the valuable resources at the firms disposal (Barney, 1991). It can be argued when companies have similar resources to hand, but differing performance, that one company is utilising its resources better than the others. In a knowledge-based economy, the knowledge and skills of the workforce are an intangible resource that is difficult to be imitated by competitors. Prahalad and Hamel (1990) argue that they help to create core competencies that in turn gain competitive advantage. As a result, if employees have to adjust their tactics and become more flexible then the assumption is that management are willing to give their employees more responsibility for decision making. The organisation needs to be de-centralised; otherwise the speed of change is hindered by levels of bureaucracy. Allowing employees more responsibility means that those closest to the customers are more likely to develop practical and realistic ideas for success. It is possible to find strengths and weaknesses of the article and the wider debate of emergent strategy. Firstly, considering Hustle as Strategy, it is a strong example of emergent strategy in a prominent industry. It provides an insight into how strategy is formulated by organisations and has useful comparisons with alternative industries in order to clearly demonstrate the support for this strategy debate. It uses examples and quotes from successful organisations; however it does not detail how organisations may approach this kind of strategy unsuccessfully. A second strength of the article is that the authors assumptions are based on already widely discussed and generally accepted ideas about organisations and the environment. There is a wealth of theory available to back up claims and assumptions made. However, a weakness of the article is that the article focuses entirely on the emergent strategy. It has been argued by strategists that in fact, organisations are not perfectly prescriptive or perfectly emergent, but usually somewhere in between (Moncrieff, 1999). A strength of emergent strategy is that it allows organisations to act in real time. Organisations realise they cannot know everything and therefore act as reality evolves before them. This type of strategy allows senior management to let go of some of the organisational control by understanding that the employees are seeing the everyday activities and are better equipped to shape strategy than a traditional top down approach (Faulkner, 2002). However, an emergent strategy will not work in every context. This is especially so in industries where a large amount of capital has to be invested up front into a business activity, with the motoring industry as an example. A farther weakness of emergent strategy is related to the assumption that management will give up decision making and responsibility to their subordinates, in order to be more adaptable. However, in practice, managers find this threatening and therefore not become as flexible and adaptable as they could be. Also, it can be argued that management would need to create a clear vision and culture for the organisation, in order to create a suitable environment for employees to feel they have purpose and objectives. In conclusion, Bhide (1986) has successfully demonstrated the need for emergent strategy in financial services organisations by logically dismissing the alternative prescriptive approach. In an industry where competitive advantage is said to be non-existent due to low barriers to entry and imitable products, financial institutions have found a way to be different, in their execution. The assumptions of the article are realistic as strategists have long concurred that the business environment is fast-paced and organisations must learn to adapt to it. Overall, Bhide (1986) argues that financial services organisations should select the best hustlers to constantly challenge the vision of the organisation by finding new and better ways of doing things. The organisation must allow this change to occur in order to learn and evolve, without this they will become static and uncompetitive.

Martial Arts Swot Analysis

Mixed Martial Arts SWOT Analysis Mixed Martial Arts is a company provides a safe, realistic martial arts training environment that will allowed the students to grow in their confidences by developing the student’s physical attributes, mental strength, and indomitable spirit. STRENGTHS -A focus on community awareness’s by teaching self defense for all ages -A focus on child development and discipline in society -A focus on continued education for adults and groups of interest -The ability to teach all ages about different types of martial arts and explore the abilities of learning them. – Limited startup risk Family friendly environment; great for the whole family – Provides counseling to individual who have been previously attacked WEAKNESSES – Competitors offer similar options – We are offering to a specific target market which could hurt us if competition is offering to larger target market. – Limited flexibility in programs – Competitors have more experienced staff. – Availability of space. If the locations are limited, then the class sizes are limited and there for we would be limited on how many per class at a time. OPPOTRUNITIES – Urban, city location or locations with large populations. Women’s and children self defense classes. – Exploring ADHD and other disabilities or handicaps that can benefit from martial arts. – Tournaments or competitions hosted by our facility. – An in facility store that sells items like martial arts gear and clothing, training equipment, and self defense items like pepper spray or tasers. – Expansion for online sales THREATS – Dwindling local population – A shortage of equipment – Too many local competitors – A poor economy – Changes in regulations can impact the business – Continual insurance costs increasing – Increase in price inputs can cause upward pricing

Comparison and Contrast of Hispanic Culture and Anglo-American Culture Essay

There is no universal culture amongst the world society as each community embraces a unique culture that guides and defines their behavior. The differences that are exhibited within any particular group of people in a country or a cultural group are usually greater than those differences that may be in a homogeneous group. The differences are usually noted in level of education, social standing, religious beliefs, personality definition, previous experiences, and affection that prevails in the home among other many factors that have an influence on human behavioral and cultural practices. Cultural differences are persistent even in the globalized world. It is therefore important to take note of the differences in order to have good knowledge of the customs, beliefs, values and norms of the divergent cultural groups. Cross cultural studies therefore are essential as they assist in coming up with a comparison of the various cultural differences that is observed in the various ethnic groups. When conducting cross-cultural studies, comparison becomes the main essence of the study thereby ensuring that generalized assumptions are inevitable as the researchers seek to categorize the cultural groups. We need however to be cautious that generalizations may lead to serious negative impacts especially when they are made from faulty observations. This paper shall aspire to give a comparison and contrast of the Hispanics and the Anglo-American cultures Hispanics: An analysis of the Hispanic community in the United States is not an easy task as there are several Hispanic groups in the country having different backgrounds especially in relation to their point of origin. The Hispanics are therefore not a single group with similar cultural characteristics as they exhibit differences in regard to political views, customs, religious beliefs, familial and other conventions that distinguish each group from the others. The focus on the Hispanics in this paper shall focus on four categories which include the Mexicans Americans, the Puerto Ricans, Cuban Americans, and those from the Central American region. The Mexican Americans trace their place of origin from Mexico while the Puerto Ricans are considered the citizens of the United States given that Puerto Rico is a United States’ territory. The Cuban Americans on the other hand are those who fled Cuba due to the political and economical turmoil that has been experienced in their country for quite some time. Lastly, the Hispanics from the central part of the Americas are said to have originated from various countries in the region (Kanellos, 1994). The Anglo-Americans: The Anglo-American refers to the ethnic group of individuals of European origin. The term ‘Anglo’ has come to be used to refer to the English speaking Americans with little reference to their particular origin more like the term Hispanic has been used to refer to the various groups that make the Native American population. The Anglo-Americans comprise of English speaking Americans who are in most instances Protestants with minority of them adhering to the Roman Catholicism. The term Anglo-American has been used to refer to all those individuals who originated from countries that traditionally spoke English as their main language and also those whose families have adopted the English speaking culture in the United States and Canada to perfection (Diaz-Guerrero & Szalay, 1991). Comparison and Contrast of the Hispanic and the Anglo-American Cultures: As stated earlier, there are various groups in the United States which form the larger Hispanic category. Nevertheless, the different groupings within the Hispanic block have distinct features which come out especially when compared to the Anglo-American way of doing things. The Mexican Americans for instance, are known to speak Spanish and they are taught in bi-lingual classes which involves English as their second language. The Mexican Americans have various values which are unique of the Anglo-Americans. The familial values of the Mexican Americans for instance are uniquely different from that exhibited by the Anglo-Americans. The Mexico Americans for instance emphasizes on the social structure that is rooted in the family unit (Kanellos, 1994). Though the women are greatly respected in their culture, the Mexican Americans holds that the women are inferior to their husbands in the homes. The husband is seen as the figure of authority and the chief decision maker for the family. They usually cherish large families and extended family ties are maintained. This is in contrast to the typical Anglo-American culture where both the man and woman in the house enjoy equal or almost equal right in the decision making process for the family. The family is based on democratic principles and small nuclear families are cherished. The bond for extended family ties is usually loose in the setting of the Anglo-American culture. Most Mexican Americans are also observed as Catholics and they put emphasis on the holding of religious moral values than their Anglo-American counterparts. Politically, the Mexican Americans have not been quick to stamp their authority in the political landscape within the United States save for the appointment of Alberto Gonzales as America’s Attorney General (Kanellos, 1994). This is in contrast to their Anglo-Americans who have dominated the political scene with most being identified with the Republican Party. Economically, the Mexico-Americans have remained generally sidelined as their Anglo-Americans counterparts continue to dominate the economic landscape. From the study done in 1989 it was revealed that Mexicans Americans earned 21% wages lower than the Anglo-Americans. Though these statistics can no longer be relied upon die to the passage of time, there still remains a significant gap between economic gains by these two groups (Franklin, 2010). The Puerto Ricans are well known for their general proficiency in Spanish and English languages. This concept has made life for this group of Hispanics more bearable than any of the other Hispanic groups. Contrary to the Mexican Americans, most of the households amongst the Puerto Ricans are headed by females. The Puerto Ricans submit to various religious groups which include Baptism, Catholics, Methodist and any other of the world religion more like their Anglo-Americans counterparts. Politically, the Puerto Rican have limited access to the same rights and political privileges enjoyed by any other American citizen though Puerto Rico is considered a United States’ territory from the year 1917. They are for instance not allowed to take part in presidential election. They are however exempted from paying the federal income tax. Though they have limitation on the rights associated with citizenship, the Puerto Ricans continue to enjoy exceptional unrestricted US migration (Diaz -Guerrero & Szalay, 1991). The Cuban Americans have come from a difficult background that was characterized by unstable political environment in their backyard and difficult economic conditions. They however carried with them much of the Spanish culture given that the Spanish had great influence on the Caribbean Island. Most of the Cuban Americans are Catholics though some traces of Protestantism, Jewish, Santeria, and nonreligious beliefs can be traced. It has however been noted that most Cuban Americans have been assimilated in the mainstream culture meaning that they have taken most of the Anglo-American culture leaving their own though they have kept a small portion of their original culture (Diaz -Guerrero & Szalay, 1991). The other Spanish group from the Central American region comprise of the Venezuelan Americans most of whom are Spanish, Italian, and Portuguese. Though most of them came to stay in America after the completion of their college studies in the US, they still maintain their familial ties which are very strong. They imbue in their children the value of family as an important aspect of the society at an early age. The familial ties are so strong that they at tomes make it hard for them to get assimilated in the American mainstream culture. Most of the Venezuelan Americans are Catholics though most do not hold religion in high esteem as the other Hispanic groups (Franklin, 2010). Other general aspects of the Hispanic groups’ culture include privacy which is only handled by the family members. They value modestly as part of their culture and that the area between the waist and the knees is considered as private. This is not common with the Anglo-Americans who are often exposes their body parts that would otherwise be considered private in Hispanic culture. The old members of the family are greatly respected given their experience with life. In regard to health practice, the Hispanics are known to be emotionally expressive and individuals are expected to be pampered when they fall ill. To most Hispanics, birth control measures are not entertained a part from the natural ones given that most are Catholics. They also view thinness as a problem and plumpness is considered ideal. This is in contrast to the Anglo-Americans who are pragmatic on heath issues and readily accept the birth control methods and also despise plumpness of the body (Culturediversity. rg, 2008). In a study conducted by Pablo G. Cardona, Bonnie C. Nicholson, and Robert A. Fox, in the year 2000 entitled ‘Parenting Among Hispanic and Anglo-American Mothers With Young Children’ it was found that Hispanic mothers had higher frequency of discipline and a lower frequency of nurturing with their young children compared to their Anglo-American counterparts though no differences were recorded in the expectations of both the Hispanic and Anglo-America n mothers (Cardona, Nicholson, and Fox, 2000). Conclusion: The cultural comparisons between the two cultural categories can go on and on without any sign of stopping any soon. The cultural differences observed between the Hispanics and the Anglo-Americans are reflected most in the familial affiliation, language, and religion. Most of the Hispanic groups in the United States have very strong family bonds, they subscribe to the Catholic faith and that they speak Spanish. This contrasts with the Anglo-Americans who speak English as their first language, have loose familial bonds and Protestantism is their main religion. Nevertheless, among the Hispanic groups are some differences especially in regard to how they have been able to get assimilated to the American lifestyle. The Puerto Ricans and the Cuban Americans are the most assimilated followed by the Venezuela Americans who are in the middle of being assimilated whereas the Mexican Americans are the least assimilated.

The War Of The Vietnam War - 1111 Words

The Vietnam War, deploying 2.5 million troops and lasting 10 years made it one of the largest wars in United States history. Allegedly, the war started after two navy ships were fired at off of the banks of Vietnam. The questionable attack would foreshadow a very misunderstood and questioned war to come. The United State’s army would be tested in just how strong they were, some 58,000 men were killed and almost double that were severely disabled. This was humiliating to the United States, a great world power at the time, and tensions grew as the war went on. Robert F. Kennedy mentioned the severity of the war in one of his speeches, â€Å"For years we have been told that the measure of our success and progress in Vietnam was†¦show more content†¦One of the first major events in the escalation of the war was the Gulf of Tonkin resolution, which gave president Lyndon B. Johnson the control and decisive powers once held by the congress. â€Å"Congress approves a nd supports the determination of the president†¦to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack†¦to prevent further aggression†, US Congress, Gulf of Tonkin resolution. This heightened tensions because the incident with the Gulf of Tonkin was already questioned and this was a major shift of power. This shift of power goes directly against the check and balance system our government created. Shortly after, in 1970 congress would repeal it, realizing that they had given over all of their foreign policy powers. Then in 1973 congress would pass the War Powers Act, which further limited the â€Å"unilateral power the president has to commit American troops abroad† (Doc. 8) In January of 1968, a shocking event occurred that forced Johnson to change his position on the war, the destruction of the village Ben Tre would expose the cost of moving the Vietcong out. This would become known as the Tet offensive, and its impact on public opinion was negative. The Tet offensive proved to Americans that this war could not be won, further decreasing the public favor towards the war. As antiwar protests increased, political tensions did as well.

Kill A Mockingbird, By Robert Mulligan - 941 Words

To Kill A Mockingbird In the movie To Kill a Mockingbird directed by Robert Mulligan portrays a story about a small town lawyer, who has taken upon himself to prove that Tom Robinson was innocent of raping a young woman by the name of Mayella Ewell. The only problem that Atticus faced was Tom Robinson was an African American at a time where racism was big, especially in the 1930’s. Atticus goes above and beyond to try and prove he was innocent. The end result was that Tom Robinson was guilty and was put in prison where he ended up dead. This film conveys and communicates a strong social issue of how racism often is more powerful than logic and reasoning due to fear. This film shows you how racism was a major issue especially in those times. This issue is still around today. Everyday you hear more and more news about racism. I believe this is a major social problem and it needs to be address more. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Atticus knew that Tom Robinson was innocent and so did everyone else, but the fact of the matter was he was an African American. If the people had logic and some sort of reasoning then they would realize that Tom Robinson never raped anyone and that he was an innocent man, but the people of Maycomb, Alabama wanted to see him locked up because of the color of his skin. Not only did Robinson get harassed, but Atticus have gotten a lot of hate for defending him. These harassments even happened to his daughter Scout, their own cousin whose just as young asShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Kill A Mockingbird By Robert Mulligan1881 Words   |  8 PagesBased on Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird published in 1960, Robert Mulligan’s 1962 film adaptation employs the use of several nonverbal elements to emphasize emotions that dialogue fails to portray or evoke reactions from viewers. In Lee’s novel, Scout is narrating past events of her childhood that seem to accurately portray the characters and their personalities. The child ren, Jem Finch, played by Philip Alford, Jean Finch or Scout, played by Mary Badham, and Dill, played by John Megna, are veryRead MoreKill A Mockingbird, By Robert Mulligan And Written For The Screen By Horton Foote1270 Words   |  6 Pagescompassion; and yet he just saw the most overt form of injustice—the conviction of an innocent man. Suddenly he completes the last steps of the journey to being an adult. The context above is undoubtedly clear in the film, To Kill a Mockingbird, directed by Robert Mulligan and written for the screen by Horton Foote. Set in Maycomb, Alabama in 1932, the film presents a story of becoming an adult by witnessing injustice in the South. The story in narrated by six-year-old Jean Louise â€Å"Scout† Finch (MaryRead MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1492 Words   |  6 Pagesany great film, there is a great message behind it. When you watch a movie, do you ever dig deeper than just sitting there and looking at what is going on? Perhaps, there is a message or a certain belief that film had. Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird was released into a great film on December 25 1962. This film is a favorite to many people and is still ranked the 29th best film in the internet data base. The film is based around a court case for a black male that was accused of raping aRead MoreHarper Lee s Novel Of The Same Title896 Words   |  4 Pageslike to be, and how we view ourselves. â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† is in fact a classic film that does just that. Directed by Robert Mulligan, this film was based on Harper Lee’s novel of the same title. The screenplay by Horton Foote, â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird is both a coming of age story of three young children, told from the perspective of Scout as she reflects upon an important court case involving her father when she was only six years of age (Pakula Mulligan, 1962). It is a commentary on racism inRead MoreTheme Of Racism In To Kill A Mockingbird1450 Words   |  6 Pages Ingrained Racism â€Å"Remember it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird...Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but make music for us to enjoy† (Lee 119). The white community sinned and the black community suffered as an innocent mockingbird was killed. Although innocence is one recurring theme in Harper Lee’s novel, it seems as though it only mattered to her. Lee illustrates the widespread racial discrimination and oppression that developed in every social class of Maycomb, Alabama. Mulligan’s interpretation howeverRead MoreEnglish Speech- Away and to Kill a Mockingbird797 Words   |  4 Pagesworld. Michael Gow’s play script of Away, relates to the challenges, goals and discoveries which are achieved by the characters Tom, Coral and Gwen as they endure physical, emotional and imaginative journeys, whilst the film To Kill a Mockingbird, directed by Robert Mulligan in 1962 utilises the innocence of childhood to convey three personal journeys as demonstrated through char acterisation and cinematic techniques. Physical journey become the catalyst to emotional and imaginative journeys, as demonstratedRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee1000 Words   |  4 Pagesachieve nearly anything; however, for a woman of yesterdays society, bringing world-wide recognition to the many faces of prejudice is an accomplishment of its own. Author Harper Lee has had the honor to accomplish just that through her novel, To Kill a Mockingbird, a moving and inspirational story about a young girl learning the difference between the good and the bad of the world. In the small town of Monroeville, Alabama, Nelle Harper Lee was born on April 28, 1926. Growing up, Harper Lee had threeRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Ethical Dilemma Essay1001 Words   |  5 Pagesearth to meet both humane and society’s criteria. In To Kill a Mockingbird’s courtroom saga, the struggle to find balance in social norms and moral law engulfs the town’s perspective on race, poverty, and ignorance forcing its peo ple to choose between the two. The enlightenment of empathy can not only be used to alleviate society from its own ignorance, but it can also solve the rhetorical clash of morality and social norms. In To Kill a Mockingbird, Jem and scout use their childish innocence to sparkRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird: Movie vs Novel1238 Words   |  5 PagesWhat You See Is Not What You Read Life is full of lessons, the movie version of the novel To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is not! Harper Lee entwines these life lessons throughout her novel; however, the movie version fails to incorporate these lessons into its plot. Thus, the movie version must be deemed incomplete, as it is most certain that there are many important lessons that Jem and Scout learn throughout the novel. A few key characters who taught these lessons to the children and whoRead MoreAnalysis Of Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee999 Words   |  4 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird vs A Time to Kill To Kill a Mockingbird is a classic film, originally published as a novel by Harper Lee in 1960 and republished as a film by Robert Mulligan in 1962. This movie is based on a white attorney, Atticus Finch, defending an African American man, Tom Robinson, which was accused of raping a white woman. This trial illustrates how server racisms was in the early 1960’s. A Time to Kill is the prefect demonstration to show how racism still exists 30 years later. In 1966

The Problem Of A Public Institution - 1238 Words

Leon Fridman Prof. Connell CUNY Case 11/23/15 The CUNY Dilemma The main issue plaguing CUNY is the same issue that is currently plaguing all of America, corruption at the highest levels of power. The corruption in our state government on the part of the Governor and Mayor’s office trickling down to the CUNY Chancellor, the Board of Trustees, and beyond. This leads budget cuts that don’t impact all stakeholders evenly, causing vast economic disparity. Executives and Administrators continue to enjoy high salaries accompanied by high increases that are disproportionate to the faculty. Who are forced to work without raises in the country’s most expensive city, combined with the†¦show more content†¦The one group of stakeholders that seem to be having a relatively easy time are CUNY’s highest paid employees, the Executives and Administrators. Which brings up the blatant conflict of interest that hinders solving CUNY’s budget cuts. When the Chancellor and Board of Trustees are appointed by the government and are given immense power, they reap all the benefits and none of the consequences, and that extend to the Administrators as well. They make a ton of money and no one is going to force them to take a pay cut, which means everyone below them is at a massive disadvantage, and will have to suffer for their decisions. To prove that this corruption exists I started by looking at CUNY’s 2009 Executive Compensation Plan. Back then the System Officers were making an average maximum of over $257,000 per year, and the Chancellor’s maximum was salary was at $470,000. In 2010 Lisa Federaro publishes an article in the New York Times about the Chancellor’s salary hikes outgrowing the faculty salaries. She reported, â€Å"Chancellor Goldstein was earning $600,000 per year, his base salary doubled over 11 years, and on average his salary grew seven percent per year.† This was still during the recession and the Board of Trustees had no issue giving him a raise the year pri or. Federaro also said that, â€Å"When school presidents decided not to accept raises to show solidarity, Goldstein took the money.† This

Sexual activity among teens Essay Example For Students

Sexual activity among teens Essay In the united states, we have the pregnancy rates of industrialized nations. The teen pregnancy rates for the United States are two times as high than those of Canada, France, and England. Each year more than 1 million U.S. teenagers become pregnant; one in nine aged 15-19 and one in five who are sexually active. How does environmental factors, sex education, etc; lead to ; lead to sexual activity which can cause pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Female teenagers in 1995 had first sexual intercourse at a younger age than in 1988. Females who have had their first sexual experience before age 15 was at 19% up 8% from 1988. about 35% of first sexual intercourse experience takes place without the use of any contraception mainly because females say their first time is usually spontaneous and unplanned. How does society play a role in sexual behavior? society has developed many sexual customs that vary from culture to culture. Society effects what type of persons interests you what you are accustomed too and whats is sexually proper in your culture. In ancient Greece and medieval Japan men of the warrior class maintained sexual relationships with young teenage boys an act which was allowed by the society. Even though polygamy has its critics those of the Islamic and Mormon religion see no wrong in this act which allows you to have more than one wife. Although not every person may agree on what makes up the proper sexual behavior societies do come together and decide which laws or acts will be upheld. So what influences a female teenager to have sex at a young age? Parental characteristics play a major role in their sexual behavior . Among teenagers whose parents had higher education , a pregnancy after the of 19 and were still together in the household reported lower percents of sexual experience, began sex early and were currently sexually active . male and female teenagers who were behind in school were more likely to be sexually experienced. This tells me that students maybe falling behind because of sexual experience. In 1995, 29%of female teenagers who were sexually active within the past 3 months didnt use any kind of contraception. This is up 9% from 1988. The condom is the commonly chosen form of contraception followed by hormonal contraception. Unprotected sex is very dangerous pregnancy isnt the only consequence an adolescent can face the risk of contracting a sexually transmitted disease is also possible . Three million teens are affected yearly with S.T.Ds. These include chlamidia ( which can cause sterility) syphilis ( which can cause deafness and blindness) Aids ( which can kill both the mother and the infant). There are a lot of problems a teen mother can have. Teen mothers are more likely to drop out of high school than girls who dont become pregnant thus negating a high school diploma. They also will have a lot of problems trying to find jobs because of their lack of education. Teen mothers usually end up being dependent on government programs such as welfare . (National campaign to prevent teen pregnancy). NCPTP found that, the sons of teen mothers are 13% more likely to end up in prison and teen daughters are 22% more likely to become teen mothers themselves. Teens who are uninformed from their parents are more likely to make the wrong choices about sex . Teens need some one to talk to them about sex, pregnancy and contraception. Many parents feel if they dont talk about sex, and pregnancy they will not have to deal with it from there own child . If a teen cant talk to their own parents then who do they turn to? They do what most teens do; they turn to their friends for advice and in most cases there are as clueless as theyre. They fear that their parents will explode in a temper tantrum so they back off. Teenagers need to be informed that there backs are not against the wall and there are options and people to talk to. .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d , .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .postImageUrl , .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d , .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d:hover , .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d:visited , .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d:active { border:0!important; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d:active , .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud605e988f0000db88c27c752703cb74d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Pollution and Human Rights: Our fate is in our ha Essay Free hotlines, doctors , counselors, and agencies that can provide them with advice, contraception such as free birth control pills or condoms and its all kept confidential. At what level of schooling should sex education be thought to students. I was thought sex Ed in the fifth grade was it to soon? The point of sexual education in schools is to teach students about contraception, students about contraception, S.T. D.s, and pregnancy. Is teaching students these sex Ed in such at such an early in there life promoting early sex? I think its telling adolescents to yes go ahead and have sex but have it safely. Kids are being presented with all this information and told basically to come to a sensible decision on sexual conduct . whether they do begin sexual intercourse is based on their surroundings and way they ere brought upWords/ Pages : 832 / 24